How is it Diagnosed?
Fibroid uterus, or uterine fibroids, are non-cancerous growths in the muscular wall of
the uterus. Diagnosis typically begins with a detailed medical history and physical
examination. Women often report symptoms like heavy menstrual bleeding, pelvic
pressure, frequent urination, or infertility. During a pelvic exam, a gynecologist may
detect an irregular or enlarged uterus suggestive of fibroids.
The primary diagnostic tool is ultrasound, particularly transvaginal ultrasound, which
provides clear imaging of the uterus and can confirm the presence, number, size, and
location of fibroids. In cases requiring further detail, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
is used to assess fibroid characteristics and guide treatment plans, especially if surgical
intervention is being considered.
Other useful diagnostic methods include hysterosonography (saline infusion
sonography), which enhances ultrasound imaging by filling the uterine cavity with
saline, and hysteroscopy, which allows direct visual examination of the uterine cavity
using a thin, lighted scope.
Blood tests may also be performed to rule out other causes of abnormal bleeding, such
as anemia or hormonal imbalances. In some cases, especially where malignancy is
suspected or when the diagnosis is unclear, an endometrial biopsy may be conducted.
Overall, accurate diagnosis of fibroid uterus combines clinical evaluation with imaging
studies, ensuring that the treatment approach ranging from watchful waiting to
surgery or hormonal therapy is well-informed and personalized.