Bronchiectasis is a chronic and progressive lung condition characterized by the
abnormal and permanent widening of the bronchi—the airways in the lungs. This
dilation results from inflammation or infection that causes damage to the bronchial
walls. The affected airways lose their ability to effectively clear mucus, leading to a
cycle of recurrent infections, inflammation, and further lung damage.
While bronchiectasis can affect people of any age, it is more commonly diagnosed in
older adults. It may occur as a result of underlying conditions such as cystic fibrosis,
immunodeficiency disorders, or chronic infections, but in many cases, the exact cause
remains unknown (referred to as idiopathic bronchiectasis).
Bronchiectasis is considered a serious respiratory disease that impacts the quality of life
and, if left untreated, can lead to severe complications. However, with proper
management, many individuals can lead active and relatively healthy lives.