Total Hip Replacement (THR)

• Anesthesia: The procedure is typically done under general anesthesia or spinal/epidural anesthesia.
• Incision and Exposure: The surgeon makes an incision on the side or back of the hip to access the joint. Minimally invasive techniques may use smaller incisions to reduce recovery time.
• Removal of Damaged Bone and Cartilage: The damaged femoral head (top of the thigh bone) is removed, and the socket in the pelvic bone (acetabulum) is prepared for the prosthetic implant.
• Implant Placement: A prosthetic socket is inserted into the acetabulum, and a metal or ceramic ball is attached to the upper part of the femur (thigh bone). A plastic, metal, or ceramic spacer is placed between the two parts to allow smooth movement.
• Closing the Incision: After placing the prosthetic joint, the incision is closed with stitches or staples, and the area is bandaged.
• Duration: The procedure typically takes 1 to 2 hours, depending on the complexity of the case.

While THR is generally safe, potential complications include:

• Infection: A rare but serious risk that may require antibiotic treatment or additional surgery.
• Blood Clots: Blood clots may form in the legs (deep vein thrombosis) or lungs (pulmonary embolism), which is why blood thinners are often prescribed postoperatively.
• Dislocation: The new hip joint may dislocate, especially in the first few months after surgery.
• Fracture: During the procedure, the femur or pelvis may be fractured, requiring additional intervention.
• Leg Length Discrepancy: There may be a difference in leg length after surgery, which may need further adjustment.
• Wear and Tear of Prosthetics: Over time, the prosthetic components may wear down, requiring revision surgery.
• Nerve or Blood Vessel Injury: Although rare, there’s a risk of injury to the nerves or blood vessels around the hip.